Explosion-engine.



'1. F. NFKILSON. EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED .IAN-8. I9I6.

Patent-ed Apr. 3, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 T. F. NElLso'N EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED-IAN.8. I9I6.

Patented Apr. 3, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.Y

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A TTORNE Y.

` l i 'ingormnus miirsomor mmsp, Naw JERSEY;

l' l y i ,uxrtosiomnuoiim specification omette@ rte'nt. r 'P'atent'edApr. 3,191.17; lpplivcatonled Januari-8,1191@ 'Serial-No.`70i,936..r l I l y' e710.' The saine partis designated by'thes'ame I Beitknovvn thatl', Timorimns F. Nam-, 1 refene'neenumeral ',wherever it occurs :a citizen of "the United States, resnilmgy throughout 'theV several views.'

at Palisadeeounty of lrergenLState of New It' is amo-ng "the-Special features "of my so i 5 Je1fsey,"have made a. oe-taiunew 'and useful inVentionj-tomploy rotary pistons,'and to lfnvention in Exp'losion-Enginesh of which: arrange' the same with respect to a Single, the following is aspeoic'ation. y Statlonary irregular cylinder'.- Within which This 'invent-,ion relates to .explosion e11- they operate and With respect to each other gilles and particularly to that type of. the that the 'spaces between'the pistons may be 65' lmsamewhioh lmay be tel'med the -rotaryor employed fou carrying on .the cyeles of the rotating Piston'typ, z v engine,` that 1s, one space r for theiutake of The.oh`ect;o the invention is to provide uel, `one for `the 4compression,v one for the ali'o'xplos'icm engine .whichis simple in struelgnltlon and-one for the exhaust thereof, A turey-economical to manufacture,l and efli-v a1l' as. will be `more fully hereinafter ex 701 1 15` dient-in operation." e plained. Y ,A further Object-0f the 'invention' is to In aocoldance.. wlth in y invention VI emprovide Aa rotary* piston ty e of explosion ploy amaiushaft 1, vvh1chr1s journaled'in Stef @nella eter 0.1 @a f mpi@ im v casi and a smaller antifriction roller 17 which' ,interior and exterior stationary casings 2 and 3 which form the cylinder chamber of the engine. Each piston is preferably provided with ay large antifriction roller 18 rollers are adapted to work in contact witl the surfaces of the casings 2 and 3 as shown, to reduce friction and keep `the surfaces clean:

It will be understood that the gear wheels 9 and 10 may be ofl any desired ratio, or relative size. In the construction shown, I find it preferableto employ a 2 :1 ratio, so that the piston shaft 11 will rotate axially three times to every revolution of the main shaft 1, and, in consequence, the piston'Q will revolve axially three times on each revolution of the' shaft. l

Referring to the diagrammatic illustration of Fig..3', it will be seen that in this form of my invention I show four rotary pistons 25, but my invention, in its broadest scope as defined -in the claims, is not to he limited in this respect. It will be understood that Whatever number of pistons are employed, there will be a` similar number of piston shafts-11, and their associated gear wheels 9,` and 10, all operating as hereinbefore described. The cam shaped pistons divide the c'ylinderl into four compartments,

A', K, E, and G. vIn the position of the pistons shown, the fuel is being drawn into one of the compartments, say at A, which is the admission chamber between pistons B' and H. Due to the eccentric shape of the cylin-` der 16, upon one quarter of a revolution lof the main shaft the piston shown at C has drawn in the charge in back of itself and in the space between the piston B and the piston C. Upon the next quarter revolution of the main shaft 1 the fuelwhich is in compartment K is .compressed in the compartment E as the pistons advance' assuming the position shown at C and D. The fuel is here ignited, causing the'explosion which forces the piston at D to the position shown at H, and, due to the eccentric shape of the cylinder, the piston which was at C, assumes the position shown at D, thereby allowing the fuel to expand in the compartment G, as will be readily understood. The.

piston at H may uncover an exhaust port, or any suitable time controlled valve may allow the burnt fuel to be forced outof the compartment G, upon the third quarter revolution of the main shaft 1, which causes the piston at D to advance. It will be un- .derstood that each piston operates with respect to the piston immediaely in advance of and behind it in identically .the same manner as above described upon each revolution of the main shaft, thereby securing the same number of explosions per revolution of the main shaft as there 'are pistons employed.

BEST AVAILABLE coe From the foregoing it will be seen that upon each quarter revolution of the main shaft, though each piston travels at the same more quickly, toward its preceding piston than the succeeding piston does at certain portions of the revolution of the main shaft,

thereby securing the complete cycle4 pf 'the engine for each piston per ievolutionof the I .main shaft.

With a construction embodying my invention it will be seen that I am enabled to gg have a fixed inlet chamber, explosion chamber and exhaust chamber. Any suitable means may be employed to secure the proper explosion in the explosion chamber, such,

for instance, as the usual spark device 21, g5

controlled in anysuitable manner to secure aspark on cach quarter revolution of the main shaft, all as is well known in the ar Likewise any suitable means may be employed for controlling the inlet of fuel and the exhaust of burnt fuel. I show a simple arrangement wherein I provide cup shaped projections 14 on the disk'7, one for exhaust and one for the intake of the fuel. These cup shaped projections form chambers to which supply and exhaust connections are made. These chambers are adjacent to? each other and arein communication witlf the cylinder 16 between thecasings 2 and 3,

through ports .41 of face plate 13 which 100 serves as a revoluble valve.

If desired, and as shown, at the points of greatest depression 15 of the cylinder, auxiliary antifriction rollers 30 maybe ernployed to facilitate the movement of the cani shaped pistons by those points during their planetary' rrlovement.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided an explosion engine which is simple in structure and which eliminates all reciprocatingparts, thereby avoiding all power losses incident thereto. It will be understood, further, that an engine embodying my invention will`develop high power and speed .with a light struct-ure, without 115 any additional strain on the movable parts thereof, the structure being made of simple, standard parts, without the necessity of using packing. `It further simplifies lubrication as the same may be, secured b v simply feeding graphite or like lubricant to the surf faces'of the casings 2 and 3. Further, it secures a universal rotary vaction 1n a gas engine which is obviously of great advantage, and which has heretofore. to `the best l of my knowledge, been impossible.

It4 is obvious that b v increasing the number of pistons in a single cylinder, and the number' of resultant compartments in the cylinder, with an additional exhaust and inlet port,'and a sparlr device, for tvvo 'i additiona1.;.zpistoi1s employedygany j. desired number of explosions may be secured-'per revolutionfofthe main shaft, therebyv ena` kblinga single cylinder engine, embodyngmy invention tof takethe [place of the lpresenti i four, sixandeight and twelvecylinderem Y ginesfnowfin 'common use. lt is evident, therefore `that great` space, n iaterial and weightis saved. It is also obvious that .duetothefl .continual contact oftherespective pistons onrth Surfaces of 'the' cylinder, no

carbonadep'ositis 'allowed to collect-in the.

cylindenthereby.enablinganyform of fuel,

evencrude oil', to beemployed, which tofore hasv been impossible.

`=WhilefI have shown andA described in det'ail'av structure embodying the principles of heremyinvention, I .Wish it to be understood that) many changes in details will readily occur .to thoselskllled 'in the arty vvithoutdel partin'gyfrom the broad scope ot -tion:.as definetly in vthe claims.. Thereforemy invenwhat'lclaim as ,nevv and useful and of my own invention, and l desire' to secure by Let-` ters.Patent,.is. v

i 1.-An1explos1on'en'gine comprising a main shaft, va cylindeijand a plurality ofrotaryv pistons positively'securedto' said shaft and adapted to rotate about saidshaft' in saidA cylinderfto rotatefsaidshaft and means to successively form` compression and eXplo sionchambers Within said cylinder between adj acent` pistons.

''i2.-1 An explosion engine comprising a main shaft ,a; cylinder, and a plurality of rotary A, Pistons .positively` secured to said shaft and adapted to rotate aboutsaid shaft in said cylinder' to rotate Saidshaft and means to successivelyj form compression and explosion chambers Within said cylinder between adf jacent "pistons, v and means actuated bythe rotation; of' said yshaft for individually rotating said .pist ons. ,v 3. A explosion engine comprising a mam shaft,` aK4 stationary casing in which said shaftis journaled .said casing provided with y. cylinderl chamber extending completely circumferentially around saidshaft, a lplurality ofrotary pistons for said cylinder `:and adaptedv to' travel -therein and means to v succ ,essi.v,ely. form' compression and explo-- sionchambers Within said cylinder betweenV i adjacent pistons, and means actuated by the travelofgsaid pistons' for rotating said shaft.

4. An explosion engine comprising a main shaft, a stationary casing in which said shaft is journaled said casing provided W1th a- .cylinder chamber 'extending completely circumferentially around said shaft, a plurality of rotary pistons for Vsaid. cylinder and adapted to travel thc-rein and mean successiiwely form compression and sion'chambers Within said cylinder betw Jet.. adiacent pistons, and means actuated by the BEST AVAILABLE coe travel of said istons 4ier rotating said shaft, and means actuated by the' rotation of said forLaXiallyfrotating eachof said pis-rk f ltons'abnut' its 'individual axis 5, explosionfengineicomprising'a main m 'shaft shaft, a casingvsurroundingnthe fsame [provided with an irregular cylinder l'cham-g ber therein, a plurality of eccentrically rotatabley pistons mounted in'said irregular cylinder chamber tnftravel'therein around said shaft, and means `associated with said pim tons and actuated by their travel ing said shaft.

6. An explosion engine coniprising'a main '5" shaft, a casing surrounding the saine and provlded with an lrregularcylinder chamber therein, a plurality of eccentrically rotatable pistons mounted in said irregular cylinder Achamber `to travel therein around said shaft., c and means' associated with said ,pistons and y actuated bytheir travel for rotating,,s ,a'ittl shaft, and means operated bythe rotation, off;I u

`said shaft foraxially rotating each of said i "l:

eccentrically rotatablepis`tbns.

7 .An explosionnengine comprlslng a n nain` shaft, a stationaryv casing in whichsaid,

shaftis 'journaled said casing providedfwitlif. 'a cyllnder chamber extending cii cunifererifv tially around said shaft, a plurality ofpi's'l'.

tons for said cylinder and adapted to ytravel therein and means to-successively form compression and explosion chambers withinsaid" cylinder between adjacent pistcns ,.i, and

.means actuated by the travel ofsaid pistons for rotating said shaft,and means actuated by the rotation of said'shaft toraxially' ro tating each of said pistons and hntifri'ction',

ico

means associated with each ofV said pistons' to? facilitate the axial rotation thereof.

8. An explosion engine comprising amain shaft, a'casmg surrounding the Same and l provided with an irregular cylinder cham-fv ber therein, a plurality of individually 1voly tatable eccentric pistons mounted in said irregular ,cylinder chamber totravel therein'- around said shaft, and'means associated With said pistons and actuated bythcirf travel for rotating' said shaft. and means operated by the rotation ot said 'shaft for axially'rotating each of sa1d" eccent1`"1cpis? tons, and antifriction means associ`ated`-irith axial rotation thereof.

9. In an explosion eng1ne,thecombmat1on each of saideccentric pistons to facilitate' the with a main shaft, a cylinder and a? plurality of individuallyvrotatable 'pistons located in j said cylinderto Arotate therein about said.

ias

cated in pairs in said cylinder, means for admitting fuel into said cylinder between two of said pistons, means controlled by the travel of said pistons for compressing said fuel, means for igniting said compressed fuel, means operated by the ignition .of said fuel for rotating said shaft.

11. In an explosion engine, 'the combina.- tion with a main shaft, a cylinder, and a plurality of individually rotatable pistons located in pairs in said cylinder, means for admitting fuel into said cylinder'between two of -said pistons, means controlled by the travel' of said pistons for compressing said fuel. means for igniting said compressed fucl, means operated by the ignition of said fuel for rotating said shaft, and

means controlled by the further travel of said pistons for exhausting said burnt fuel.

12. In an explosion engine, the combination with a cylinder comprising stationary irregular casings to form a circumferential irregular passage therebetween, and a plurality of individually rotatable cam shaped pistons adapted to travel circumferentially in said passage.

13. In an explosion engine, the combination with a cylinder comprising stationary irregular casings to form a circum erential irregular passage therebetween, and a plu-` rality of'4 indivdually rotatable cam shaped l ber,

pistons a'dapted to travel circumferentially in said passage, and means operated by the 'travel of said pistons to cause the axial rotation thereof.

14. In an explosion engine, the combina.- tion with acylinder comprising stationary irregular casings to form a circumferential irregular passage therebetween, the points of greatest irregularity thereof lying diametrically opposite to each other, a. plurality of individually rotatable cam, shaped pistons adapted to travel cirrcumferentially in said passage, means lfor admitting fuel and means for igniting'said fuel, both of said means being located at said diametrically -opposite points of greatest eccentricity of said cylinder.

15. In an explosion engine, a stationary cham-.

casing having an irregularly shaped a shaft journaled in the casing, a plurality of individually rotatable cam shaped pistons operating in said chamber, said pistons having a planetary motion about said shaft, and Aconnected 1thereto to rotate the same. 1

16. In an explosion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a plurality of individually rotatable pistons adapted to operate therein, and means for causing adjacent pissin and explosion chambers within said cylinder.

18. In an explosion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a plurality of individually rotatable pistons adapted to operate therein, and means for causing'adjacent pistons to vary the distance therebetween to successively form compression and explosion chambers within said cylinder, a main shaft, and means operated by the rotation of said main shaft for individually rotating said pistons.

19. In an explosion engine, the. combination with a cyl1nder,.of a plurality'of individually rotatable pistons adapted to operate therein, and means for causing adjacent pistons to vary the ldistance successively -form compression and explosion chambers within said cylinder,

pistons relative to said shaft for rotating said shaft."

20. In an explosion engine, the combination with a cylinder, ofa plurality'of individually rotatable pistons adapted to operate therein, and means for causing adjacent pistons to vary the distance therebetween to successively form compression and explosion chambers within said cylinder, a main shaft, and means operated by the movement of said pistons relative to lsaid shaft for rotating said shaft, and means operated by the rotation of said main shaft for individually ro' tating said pistons.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand on this 27th day of December,

' THEOPHILUS F. NEILSON.

therebetween t0 l armain shaft, Y andmea'ns operated by the movement of said 

